Radiation Exposure

What is radiation exposure in a VA context?

Radiation exposure refers to contact with ionizing radiation that occurred during active duty service. The VA recognizes specific groups of “atomic veterans” who participated in nuclear tests, served in Hiroshima or Nagasaki after WWII, or worked at specific gaseous diffusion plants. Exposure to this radiation is linked to various forms of cancer and other diseases.

Who is considered an “atomic veteran”?

The VA generally classifies veterans as “atomic veterans” if they participated in:

• Atmospheric nuclear testing: Between 1945 and 1962.
• Occupation forces: Hiroshima or Nagasaki (Aug 1945 – July 1946).
• POWs: Interned in Japan near Hiroshima or Nagasaki during WWII.
• Cleanup operations: Enewetak Atoll (1977–1980) or the Air Force team at Palomares, Spain (1966).

What conditions are presumptive?

If a veteran qualifies as an atomic veteran or can prove radiation risk activity, the VA presumes the following cancers are service-connected (no nexus letter required):

• Leukemia (except chronic lymphocytic leukemia)
• Thyroid cancer
• Breast cancer
• Pharynx and esophagus cancer
• Stomach, small intestine, and colon cancer
• Pancreatic cancer
• Multiple myeloma and lymphomas (non-Hodgkin’s)

What if I was exposed to X-rays or depleted uranium?

Veterans exposed to radiation through their job (like X-ray technicians) or through depleted uranium (often used in tank armor and munitions) can also file claims. However, these are generally not considered “presumptive” in the same way as nuclear testing. You may need to provide dose estimates or medical evidence linking the specific exposure to your current condition.